A briefing paper from RUSI explores the financial profiles of actors such as drug traffickers, warlords, terrorist groups, and corrupt government officials in Afghanistan and identifies threat-agnostic capabilities that can be brought to bear against these actors and their financing. After exploring the methods and mechanisms that these actors use to raise, manage, store, move, use, and obscure money, the report proposes actions by which the illicit financial flows might be disrupted. Enhancing the monitoring of aid and donor funding entering the country, facilitating the adoption of foreign asset and beneficial ownership tracing, introducing reforms to the hawala and banking sectors, and addressing deficiencies in international sanctions regimes are described as potential policy options. These recommended actions would help combat illicit financing in Afghanistan, as well as strengthen the integrity of the global financial system writ large.
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