On 29 October, a report from Columbia University in the US saying that the 4 countries announced in 2017 that they were cutting diplomatic ties with and imposing sanctions on Qatar. The most formidable of these sanctions was a comprehensive blockade of Qatar, which involved the closure of the land border between Qatar and Saudi Arabia as well as banning Qatari aircraft from entering the countries’ airspace. The coalition then embarked on a limited programme of sanctions advocacy, seeking US, European, East Asian, and other regional support for their efforts. The report sets aside whether the cause of the Qatari dispute with its neighbours justified the use of sanctions and examines the significance of the execution of those sanctions. Qatar’s experience is not replicable in many contexts, given its sizable advantages in available resources. Nonetheless, how the country responded to and — in assessment of the report — effectively defeated the sanctions campaign mounted against it points to several lessons about the design and implementation of sanctions.
https://www.energypolicy.columbia.edu/research/report/qatari-sanctions-episode
I had omitted the following link (as it did not seem to generate much interest!), but it seemed time to add it again and say that, if you would like to make a (polite) gesture and help me with my removal and computer costs, I have a page at https://www.buymeacoffee.com/KoIvM842y
raytodd.blog 