OTHER THINGS YOU MAY HAVE MISSED – AUGUST 27

Panama Covid-19 update – lovely day and able to get and about, including the huge city park – odd though that only males in it, as gender-based restrictions still in place.

Meanwhile, 900 new cases and 16 new fatalities (1,948 to date), with 24,038 active cases – 157 in ICU, 1,355 in other wards and 421 in the hotel rooms – the other 22,105 isolated at home.

27 August 2020

JAPAN TO ESTABLISH INTELLIGENCE UNIT TO COUNTER ECONOMIC ESPIONAGE

On 27 August, Nikkei Asian Review reported that creating a new body specifically to investigate and analyse economic security issues – something Japan’s intelligence agencies reportedly lack – is expected to be a centerpiece of recommendations from the governing party, which will be submitted this year.  There will also be plans for the government to create operating guidelines for businesses that handle important information, as well as call on corporate executives to set up internal counterintelligence teams.

https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Japan-to-establish-intel-unit-to-counter-economic-espionage

IRAN GRANTS UN WATCHDOG ACCESS TO SUSPECTED NUCLEAR SITES

The Wall Street Journal reported that Iran has agreed to allow UN IAEA inspectors access to 2 sites where it is suspected of carrying out illicit nuclear-weapons work in the past, bowing to months of pressure in a bid to salvage backing for the 2015 JCPOA nuclear deal.

https://www.wsj.com/articles/iran-grants-u-n-watchdog-access-to-suspected-nuclear-sites-11598455365

https://www.reuters.com/article/us-iran-nuclear-iaea/iran-relents-on-iaea-inspections-at-two-sites-ending-standoff-idUSKBN25M1J7

THE PHILIPPINES BIG BET ON CHINA’S ONLINE GAMBLING HABIT GIVES BEIJING POST-CORONAVIRUS HEADACHE

On 26 August, the South China Morning Post reported that an estimated $145 billion spent each year by Chinese gamblers on illegal betting sites, many streamed from the Philippines.  It says that as China returns to a pre-coronavirus lifestyle, the government is working hard to kick its citizens off an age-old vice that has worsened due to months of strict lockdown measures.  Gambling was outlawed in China when the Communist Party took power in 1949 and has remained banned. The emergence of online gambling – also illegal under Chinese law – has provided an opportunity for China’s gamblers. The Chinese government is well aware that the Philippines is the linchpin of the country’s online gambling market.  Since the Covid-19 outbreak, the Chinese government has launched multiple campaigns targeting online gambling on different fronts, and one campaign launched by the Ministry of Public Security in February led to the closure of 27,000 bank accounts involved in cross-border gambling within 4 months.

https://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/3098729/manilas-big-bet-chinas-online-gambling-habit-gives-beijing-post

US PLACES SANCTIONS ON THE WORLD’S LARGEST SHIPBUILDER

On 27 August, Splash 247 reported that China Shipbuilding Group is among 24 Chinese companies and individuals to be blacklisted by the US for its role in developing infrastructure in contested areas of the South China Sea.  It has been added to the so-called Entity List maintained by the US Commerce Department.

https://splash247.com/us-places-sanctions-on-the-worlds-largest-shipbuilder/

THE RISKS OF MONEY LAUNDERING IN THE WORLD OF ONLINE GAMES

On 25 August, an article from Gilbert & Tobin in Australia sets out to consider the risks of money laundering in the world of online games, and whether current AML/CFT laws are sufficient to address these risks.

https://www.gtlaw.com.au/insights/risks-money-laundering-world-online-games

MEXICO: REPORT INDICATES BANKS LAUNDER MORE MONEY THAN BITCOIN AND OTHER CRYPTOCURRENCIES

On 27 August, Cryptoslate reported that a new report out of Mexico noted that financial institutions and banks launder a huge amount of money compared to newer financial businesses.  It says that the second National Risk Assessment, Mexico’s FIU concluded that the money laundering activities originating from banks and other financial institutions greatly outweighed any similar issues encountered by and reported by other fintech businesses like “neo” banks.

https://cryptoslate.com/report-indicates-banks-launder-more-money-than-bitcoin-and-other-cryptos/

NUMBER OF SUSPECTED MONEY LAUNDERING CASES IN GERMANY INCREASES

An article from Out-Law on 27 August says that the number of suspected money laundering cases in Germany has risen and changes to the law there could lead to a further increase.  The FIU annual report for 2019 announced an increase of suspected money laundering cases in Germany of 49% from 2018.  All but one per cent of the reports came from the financial sector.

https://www.pinsentmasons.com/out-law/news/faelle-von-geldwaesche-verdachtsmeldungen-steigen

3 PEOPLE ARE FACING CHARGES OVER ALLEGED HUGE MONEY LAUNDERING AND IDENTITY THEFT SYNDICATE TARGETING ‘HARD-WORKING’ AUSTRALIANS

On 27 August, the Daily Mail reported that officers allege stolen personal information was used to acquire credit cards, which were then used to get cash, cryptocurrency, telecommunication equipment and household goods.  The scheme is said to have targeted ‘hard-working Australians across the state’,

https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-8669003/Money-laundering-scheme-saw-Aussies-lose-thousands-police-seize-50k-worth-goods.html

CRIMINAL NETWORK DISMANTLED IN LITHUANIA, THE UK AND IRELAND

A news release from Eurojust on 27 August announced that judicial authorities and police in Lithuania, UK and Ireland, with support from Eurojust and Europol, have dismantled a criminal network responsible for drug trafficking, money laundering and trafficking in human beings. At least 65 people were exploited as street dealers.

http://eurojust.europa.eu/press/PressReleases/Pages/2020/2020-08-27.aspx

https://www.rte.ie/news/crime/2020/0827/1161677-18-arrests-europol

https://www.europol.europa.eu/newsroom/news/18-arrested-in-crackdown-lithuanian-gang-trafficking-victims-to-ireland-and-uk-to-sell-heroin

RIGHTS AND STATUS OF FOREIGN “FRONTIER WORKERS” COMMUTING TO/FROM UK FROM 1 JANUARY 

A news release from HMRC on 27 August provided updated guidance for frontier workers – being a EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who regularly commutes to the UK because they are employed or self-employed in the UK but live elsewhere.

https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/rights-and-status-of-frontier-workers-in-the-uk-from-1-january-2021/working-in-the-uk-as-a-frontier-worker-from-1-january-2021

The pre-January, current guidance is at –

https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/rights-and-status-of-frontier-workers-in-the-uk-after-brexit/working-in-the-uk-as-a-frontier-worker-if-theres-a-deal

SWISS FEDERAL PROSECUTORS INDICT FORMER TOP BUSINESSMAN 

On 27 August, Reuters reported that Swiss federal prosecutors have filed an indictment against well-known Swiss businessman Hans Ziegler for insider trading, corporate espionage and accepting bribes.

https://www.reuters.com/article/swiss-insider-trading/swiss-federal-prosecutors-indict-former-top-businessman-ziegler-idUSL8N2FT3DO

UK EXTRADITION JUDGMENT ON NIRAV MODI TO BE DELIVERED AFTER  1 DECEMBER

On 27 August, the Times of India reported that the decision on the extradition from the UK to India of Nirav Modi over the Punjab National bank case will be handed down in December.

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/nirav-modi-uk-extradition-judgment-to-be-delivered-after-dec-1/articleshow/77785624.cms

MASSIVE FINANCIAL PYRAMID EXPOSED IN UKRAINE

On 27 August, UNIAN reported that the Security Service of Ukraine (SBU) says it has exposed a financial pyramid whose masterminds attracted 600,000 depositors, having raised some $250 million.  20 suspects are believed to be part of the fraud ring that involved 100 affiliated legal entities. Acquisitions include an entire island on the Dnipro River with real estate on it, 18 elite SUVs, each worth over $100,000, as well as jewellery and other assets.

https://www.unian.info/economics/scam-schemes-massive-financial-pyramid-exposed-in-ukraine-11126729.html

US ADDS ANOTHER 36 NAMES TO THE ENTITY LIST AS SUBJECT TO EXPORT LICENCE RESTRICTIONS

On 17 August, the US Commer Department Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) added 36 companies to its Entity List, including parties in France, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, Oman, Pakistan, Switzerland, and the UAE for activities deemed contrary to US national security or foreign policy interests.  These are in addition to the listing of 24 Chinese companies announced at the same time.  A licence is required, to the extent specified on the Entity List, to export, reexport, or transfer (in-country) any item subject to the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) when an entity that is listed on the Entity List is a party to the transaction.

https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/u-s-adds-24-chinese-construction-and-53565/

https://bis.doc.gov/index.php/documents/regulations-docs/2347-744-supp-4-6/file

SOME OF THE DRAWBACKS OF THE EU’S GDPR LAID BARE BY COVID-19

On 27 August, in the second of 4 articles on data protection regimes for Jurist, it is said that the pandemic and its fallout have proven especially revealing in the context of European data policy, which is governed by the General Data Protection Regulation.  It says that while other countries are using are using AI to reveal groundbreaking insights into COVID, the EU has little to show, stymied largely by restrictions put in place by the GDPR.

https://www.jurist.org/commentary/2020/08/haaland-understanding-the-gdpr/

UNODC AND PARTNERS FOSTER TRANSNATIONAL COOPERATION TO COMBAT FISHERIES CRIME

On 27 August, the UN Office on Drugs and Crime said that to address the challenges associated to fisheries crime, the UNODC -World Customs Organization (WCO) Container Control Programme (CCP) launched a training package in 2017 as part of the UNODC “FishNET” project.  Through specialised trainings tailored to the specific needs of each region, the CCP brings together Port Control Units staff, fisheries agencies and the private sector to discuss fisheries crime, hence fostering stronger understanding and cooperation amongst stakeholders. Since 2017, over 750 officers from East and West Africa, and South and SE Asia were trained through the FishNET project.

https://www.unodc.org/unodc/frontpage/2020/August/unodc-and-partners-foster-transnational-cooperation-to-combat-fisheries-crime.html

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: CUSTOMS SEIZES $2.2 MILLION ON CARGO SHIP

On 27 August, Dominican Today reported that Customs confiscated more than US$2 million dollars that were hidden in 3 sound horns, which were part of the cargo of a ship arriving in the country through the Port of Haina Oriental, coming from New York.

https://dominicantoday.com/dr/local/2020/08/26/customs-seizes-us2-2m-on-freighter-boat/

UK: COSTS JUDGE STRIKES DOWN CFA WORTH MILLIONS

On 27 August, Litigation Futures reported that, in what is described as a significant case, a costs judge has struck down 3 conditional fee agreements (CFA) in a big-money commercial case for having the potential to lead to a claim for a success fee exceeding 100%. He also accused the solicitors involved of overreaching, and leaving the client’s “best interests in their rear-view mirror” by trying to recoup the money lost on the first of the CFA by backdating the second, saying that this was clearly a case in which the costs of the costs could rival the costs of the underlying litigation.

https://www.litigationfutures.com/news/costs-judge-strikes-down-cfas-worth-millions

UK SUPREME COURT RULING CLEARS WAY FOR ISIS PAIR TO BE TRIED IN US

On 26 August, the Guardian reported that a US trial of 2 members of ISIS accused of taking part in the beheading of hostages appears likely to go ahead, following a legal ruling that allows the UK to share evidence with US prosecutors.  The Court said a stay preventing the Home Office from supplying intelligence must be lifted after the US said it would drop the possibility of death penalties.

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/aug/26/us-trial-of-isis-beatles-alexanda-kotey-el-shafee-elsheikh-likely-after-uk-supreme-court-ruling-clears-way

BERMUDA’S NEW “WORK FROM BERMUDA” RESIDENCE CERTIFICATE

On 27 August, an article from Appleby was concerned with the new regime, introduced from 1 August, which targets so-called “super nomads”, those looking to work remotely, including students, and allowing one to work for up to 12 months in Bermuda.  It is said that interest has been high with over 200 applications submitted to date. With a slowing birth rate and 30% decrease in retail sales due to COVID, enticing residents to the island is one way to bridge the financial gap.

https://www.applebyglobal.com/publications/bermuda-welcomes-new-residents/

SOLICITOR WHO DID NOT UNDERSTAND COMPLEX FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS WHICH POTENTIALLY HAD CONNECTIONS TO MEXICAN DRUG CARTELS SUSPENDED

On 27 August, Legal Futures reported that a solicitor who did not understand the complex financial transactions he was acting on – which potentially had connections to Mexican drug cartels – has been suspended from practice for 15 months.  However, the SRA accepted that he did not act dishonestly.

https://www.legalfutures.co.uk/latest-news/solicitor-who-didnt-understand-transactions-suspended

UK: CORPORATE CRIMINAL TAX INVESTIGATIONS ONGOING DESPITE PANDEMIC

An article from Out-Law on 27 August reported that HMRC has 10 live corporate criminal offence (CCO) investigations and a further 22 live opportunities are currently under review according to new statistics just published.  It is said that HMRC has sustained its focus on the CCO despite the huge impact that administering and enforcing the furlough scheme has had on its business operations.

https://www.pinsentmasons.com/out-law/news/corporate-criminal-tax-investigations-ongoing-pandemic

WCO PUBLISHES ITS 2020 ANNUAL REPORT

On 27 August, the World Customs Organisation published its annual report.  It deals with the main activities undertaken during financial year 2019-2020, the main developments within the WCO and its regional structures, and the future challenges to be addressed by the WCO Secretariat and its Members.  It also provides general information about the WCO, its structures, management and its main decision-making bodies. The last part of the Report is a compilation of data received from WCO Members which allows for the establishment of country profiles in terms of staff, WCO instruments implemented, progress made with the automation of procedures, and the main statistics on trade flows during financial year 2019/2020.

http://www.wcoomd.org/-/media/wco/public/global/pdf/media/annual-reports/annual_report_2019_2020_en.pdf

MALAYSIA: FINE AND 1-DAY JAIL SENTENCE FOR FOUNDER AND FORMER CEO GUILTY OF FURNISHING MISLEADING STATEMENTS TO BURSA MALAYSIA

A RELEASE ON Mondo Visione on 27 August advised that the Kuala Lumpur Sessions Court today found Transmile Group Bhd (TGB) founder and former CEO Gan Boon Aun guilty of furnishing misleading statements to Bursa Malaysia.  it sentenced Gan to a fine of RM2.5million (in default of 18 months’ imprisonment) and 1 day imprisonment.

https://mondovisione.com/media-and-resources/news/securities-commission-malaysia-transmile-group-bhd-founder-and-former-ceo-jaile/

WTO ISSUES NEW REPORT REGARDING IMPACT OF COVID-19 CRISIS ON AGRICULTURAL TRADE

On 27 August, the WTO reported that its Secretariat has published a new information note examining the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on world agricultural trade. The paper notes that agricultural trade has fared better than other sectors, and that initial measures focused on guaranteeing the immediate availability of food have been followed by a second phase of policies seeking to mend broken supply chains and help producers to cope with the “new normal” situation.  The paper warns that countries are still fighting the pandemic, and its repercussions for food supply chains are still unfolding.  While there is currently no reason why the ongoing health crisis should turn into a food crisis, disruptions to food supply chains constitute a risk, with governments’ trade policy choices likely to determine how the situation evolves.

https://www.wto.org/english/news_e/news20_e/agri_27aug20_e.htm

The report is at –

https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/covid19_e/agric_report_e.pdf

US: 28 CHARGED IN MEXICAN CARTEL MONEY LAUNDERING SCHEME IN TEXAS

On27 August, a news release from the US DoJ advised that a Mexican cartel boss and 27 co-conspirators have been charged with laundering more than $10 million in drug proceeds through a local clothing retailer in Texas.

https://www.justice.gov/usao-ndtx/pr/28-charged-cartel-money-laundering-scheme

US: FASHION DISTRICT OUTFIT AND COMPANY OWNER AGREE TO PLEAD GUILTY TO CUSTOMS VIOLATIONS, TAX OFFENCES AND PAY NEARLY $118 MILLION

A news release from the US DoJ on 26 August advised that a company owner in Los Angelses was indicted in a scheme to undervalue imported garments and avoid paying millions of dollars in import duties.  The case also allege a tax fraud scheme in which the company’s owner failed to report on tax returns millions of dollars derived from cash transactions.

https://www.justice.gov/usao-cdca/pr/fashion-district-outfit-and-company-owner-agree-plead-guilty-customs-violations-tax

KUWAIT SUSPENDS 7 JUDGES OVER POSSIBLE LINK TO MONEY LAUNDERING NETWORK

On 27 August, the Middle East Monitor reported that the Supreme Judicial Council of Kuwait has suspended 7 judges and referred them for investigation over their potential association to a money laundering network run by the Iranian citizen, Fuad Salehi, who  is currently in jail facing charges of money laundering.

https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20200827-kuwait-suspends-7-judges-over-possible-link-to-money-laundering-network/

ARE CHINA COMPANIES BEYOND THE REACH OF THE FCPA?

A post on the consistently interesting FCPA Blog on 27 August poses this question, pointing out that China is the country mentioned most often in FCPA enforcement actions — 63 times the author asserts. And yet, only 1 PRC-headquartered parent company has been the subject of an FCPA enforcement action. The post says that a lot of China subsidiaries of non-PRC companies are named in FCPA enforcement actions – but not PRC-based parent companies.

https://fcpablog.com/2020/08/27/at-large-are-china-companies-beyond-the-reach-of-the-fcpa/

NORTH KOREAN HACKERS USE LINKEDIN FOR CRYPTOCURRENCY HEIST

On 25 August, The Independent reported that hackers linked to North Korea have used LinkedIn as part of a major heist to steal cryptocurrency, new research has revealed. It says that the notorious Lazarus Group, which was behind the 2014 cyber attacks on Sony, carried out an attack against a cryptocurrency organisation using a tailored job advert posted to the professional social network.

https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/north-korea-hackers-lazarus-linkedin-cryptocurrency-a9687086.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ORGANISED CRIME THREATENS GLOBAL OCEAN SUSTAINABILITY

On 27 August, OCCRP says in an article that maritime and fishing communities around the world are particularly vulnerable to organized crime which threatens an economy that globally puts 17% of protein on the table, according to a new report.  The types of organised crimes which threaten that economy include everything from fraud and corruption to smuggling and slave labour, according to the report.  Fraud is rampant almost everywhere in the supply chain, from fishermen falsifying how much they caught or from where they sourced their catch to evade sanctions on overfishing to processors mislabelling products to avoid taxes and tariffs.

The report is at –

https://www.oceanpanel.org/

https://www.occrp.org/en/daily/13026-organized-crime-threatens-global-ocean-sustainability

INTERPOL: SHARP RISE IN PLASTIC WASTE CRIME

A news release from INTERPOL on 27 August said that a new INTERPOL strategic report on global plastic waste management has found an alarming increase in illegal plastic pollution trade across the world since 2018.  There has been a considerable increase over the past 2 years in illegal waste shipments, primarily rerouted to SE Asia via multiple transit countries to camouflage the origin of the waste shipment.  Other key findings include an increase in illegal waste fire and landfills in Europe and Asia, a significant rise in the use of counterfeit documents and fraudulent waste registrations, with case studies from each of the contributing countries illustrating the extent and complexity of the problem.

https://www.interpol.int/News-and-Events/News/2020/INTERPOL-report-alerts-to-sharp-rise-in-plastic-waste-crime

The report is at –

https://www.interpol.int/content/download/15587/file/INTERPOL%20Report%20_criminal%20trends-plastic%20waste.pdf

UK CONSULTS ON LAW TO ADDRESS DEFORESTATION IN SUPPLY CHAINS

On 27 August, Jurist carried an article saying DEFRA has launched a consultation seeking input on whether the government should introduce a new law that would require businesses to ensure that the “forest risk” commodities they use have been produced legally. With the exception of timber (under an EU law), there are currently no legal requirements in the UK for businesses to ensure the commodities that they use were produced legally.  In countries involved, the expansion and significant consumption of beef and leather, cocoa, palm oil, pulp and paper, timber, rubber, and soya are associated with deforestation. The consultation closes on 5 October.

https://www.jurist.org/news/2020/08/uk-seeks-to-introduce-law-curbing-supply-chain-deforestation/

US ADDS ANOTHER 36 NAMES TO THE ENTITY LIST AS SUBJECT TO EXPORT LICENCE RESTRICTIONS

On 17 August, the US Commer Department Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) added 36 companies to its Entity List, including parties in France, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, Oman, Pakistan, Switzerland, and the UAE for activities deemed contrary to US national security or foreign policy interests.  These are in addition to the listing of 24 Chinese companies announced at the same time.  A licence is required, to the extent specified on the Entity List, to export, reexport, or transfer (in-country) any item subject to the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) when an entity that is listed on the Entity List is a party to the transaction.

https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/u-s-adds-24-chinese-construction-and-53565/

https://bis.doc.gov/index.php/documents/regulations-docs/2347-744-supp-4-6/file

GERMANY: SCHREMS II TRANSFER COMPLIANCE CHECKLIST AND SUGGESTED MODIFICATIONS TO SCC

On 27 August, an article from Alston & Bird reported that the data protection authority of the German state of Baden-Württemberg published guidance on international transfers of personal data following the Schrems II judgment in the European Court.  This is said to be the first comprehensive guidance by a European privacy supervisor indicating how it intends to enforce the Schrems II decision.  It also provides some recommendations on modifying the Standard Contractual Clauses (SCC) to allow the parties to document their intent to act in accordance with the law.

https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/german-dpa-publishes-schrems-ii-12056/

THE RELIGIOUS LEADERS USING CHURCHES TO LAUNDER ILLICIT CASH ACROSS THE AMERICAS

On 27 August, OCCRP published a report into a cross-border investigation by 12 media organizations from 9 countries, coordinated by Columbia Journalism Investigations and the Latin American Center for Investigative Journalism (CLJP) , OCCRP’s regional partner in Latin America, into church-related money laundering across the Americas.  It says that the phenomenon is widespread, as religious organisations often escape scrutiny due to their respected role within communities and the lack of regulation governing their affairs, experts say. In a number of countries, this includes tax exemptions.

https://www.occrp.org/en/investigations/holy-rollers-the-religious-leaders-using-churches-to-launder-illicit-cash-across-the-americas

US SANCTIONS CHINESE COMPANIES AND EXECUTIVES ACTIVE IN CONTESTED SOUTH CHINA SEA

On 26 August, he Wall Street Journal has reported that the US has unveiled a set of visa and export restrictions targeting Chinese state-owned companies and their executives involved in advancing Beijing’s territorial claims in the contested South China Sea, a new challenge to China involving the strategic waters.  The action of the State and Commerce Departments apply to a range of state-owned enterprises, including units of China Communications Construction Co (CCCC), a leading contractor for Chinese leader Xi Jinping’s Belt and Road initiative to develop infrastructure.  Visa restrictions to apply to people and businesses linked to activities in the disputed waters.  The visa restrictions will apply to individuals and businesses “responsible for, or complicit in, either the large-scale reclamation, construction, or militarisation of disputed outposts in the South China Sea, or China’s use of coercion against Southeast Asian claimants to inhibit their access to offshore resources.  The Commerce Department added 24 units of CCCC, including the China Communications Construction Company Dredging Group Company (CCCC Dredging) to an “entity list” of companies that US businesses are not allowed to transact with unless they have a special licence to do so. The South China Morning Post reports that disputes between China and the US over the South China Sea are commonly cited as a flashpoint for possible military conflict.  China Shipbuilding Group, the world’s largest shipbuilder, is another of the Chinese companies and individuals to be blacklisted by the US for its role in developing infrastructure in contested areas of the South China Sea

https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3098994/us-orders-fresh-sanctions-chinese-firms-over-south-china-sea

https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-imposes-visa-export-restrictions-on-chinese-firms-and-executives-active-in-contested-south-china-sea-11598446551

https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/US-China-tensions/US-blacklists-Belt-and-Road-builder-for-role-in-South-China-Sea

https://www.dw.com/en/south-china-sea-china-slams-us-over-illegal-sanctions/a-54719842

https://www.state.gov/briefing-with-senior-state-department-and-commerce-officials-on-state-department-visa-restrictions-placed-on-individuals-from-the-peoples-republic-of-china-and-commerce-department-restri/

https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases/2020/08/commerce-department-adds-24-chinese-companies-entity-list-helping-build

scs

https://bis.doc.gov/index.php/documents/regulations-docs/2347-744-supp-4-6/file