On 22nd November, the EU Parliament Research Service published a briefing paper about the Export Control Reform Act (ECRA). This US Act aims to restrict the export of emerging and foundational technologies that can potentially be used for civilian and military purposes (‘dual use technologies’) and that have not been subject to export control in the past. The adoption of the Act coincides with growing concerns about China’s access to critical new technologies. Coming into effect in 2020, it represents a modification of the existing US Export Administration Regulations (EAR). Under the EAR, the Bureau of Industry and Security assigns an Export Control Classification Number (EACN) to each technology, which determines the specific restrictions that apply to it.
http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/BRIE/2019/644187/EPRS_BRI(2019)644187_EN.pdf
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