OTHER THINGS YOU MAY HAVE MISSED – FEBRUARY 18

18th February 2019

AIRBUS CEO TELLS GERMANY TO REFORM ARMS POLICY FOR GOOD OF EUROPE

NASDAQ on 16th February reported that the Airbus CEO urged Germany to press ahead with plans to create common European regulations on arms exports, saying the issue posed a litmus test for Berlin’s ambitions to foster a European defence policy, and said that without a common European approach Airbus could consider manufacturing German-free products.  For example, after Germany decided to suspend arms sales to Saudi Arabia the decision has blocked the export licence for the sale of the Meteor long-range air-to-air missile, which is supposed to equip the Saudi Air Force Eurofigher Typhoon.

https://www.nasdaq.com/article/airbus-ceo-tells-germany-to-reform-arms-policy-for-good-of-europe-20190216-00018

INDONESIA: BAUXITE MINING ACTIVITIES CONTINUE ON ISLANDS DESPITE BAN

On 17th February, Antara News reported that bauxite mining on the islands of Angkut, Dendang and Bukit Batu in Bintan District, Riau Islands Province, still continue despite a ban on mining activities on small islands after serious environmental damage.

https://en.antaranews.com/news/122317/bauxite-mining-activities-continue-despite-ban

NORWEGIAN TAX ADMINISTRATION AND DEN NORSKE BANK (DNB) JOIN FORCES WITH UNIVERSITY OF OSLO AND THE NORWEGIAN COMPUTING CENTER TO OUTMANOEUVRE FINANCIAL CRIMINALS

On 18th February, Science Nordic carried an article saying that the underground economy in Norway is flourishing, with each year, at least NOK 150 billion in direct and indirect taxes is lost to evasion.  The Norwegian Tax Administration, Gjensidige Forsikring and Den norske Bank (DnB) have now joined forces with researchers at the University of Oslo and the Norwegian Computing Center to outmanoeuvre financial criminals.  Their project has been called “Personalised Fraud Detection”.  Thanks to new digital capabilities, they will have access to far more information than in the past.  One of the Tax Administration’s main issues is to find new ways to expose those who cheat on reporting VAT.  The project is part of BigInsight, a centre for research-based innovation at UiO. The centre’s speciality is developing all-new statistical methods to uncover irregular patterns in enormous amounts of data.

http://sciencenordic.com/uncertain-future-fraudsters

AUSTRALIA: FEDERAL GOVERNMENT PROBED OVER AWARDING OF MANUS ISLAND SECURITY CONTRACTS

ABC News reported on 17th February that more than $420 million over nearly 2 years is going to a relatively unknown company, the Paladin Group, that was registered to a beach shack on Kangaroo Island and a PO box in Singapore.  Manus Island in Papua New Guinea is one of 2 offshore places (the other is Nauru) where Australia houses would-be asylum-seekers.

https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-02-18/government-to-be-grilled-over-manus-island-security-contracts/10820268

LOBBY GROUPS SAY EQUATORIAL GUINEA ON REVENGE MISSION

On 17th February, The East African reported that lobby groups are accusing Equatorial Guinea of waging a vendetta war against anti-corruption crusaders.  The accusations come as warrants were issued for 16 individuals accused of money laundering and financing terrorism.  Those wanted include a French anti-corruption lawyer, Mr William Bourdon, and 9 human rights and anti-corruption advocates.  Amnesty International said in a statement that the arrest warrants were in apparent retaliation for the trial against President Teodoro Obiang’ Nguema’s eldest son for his involvement in money laundering.

https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/news/africa/Groups-say-Malabo-on-revenge-mission/4552902-4986202-13j95prz/index.html

MALDIVES: FORMER LEGAL DIRECTOR MINISTER CHARGED WITH AIDING MONEY LAUNDERING AND GIVING FALSE INFORMATION TO STATE AUTHORITIES

On 17th February, Rajje reported that former legal director minister Azima Shakoor has been charged with aiding former President Abdulla Yameen with money laundering and giving false information to state authorities.  Yameen has been charged over his illegal financial transactions when he was president.

https://raajje.mv/en/news/50618

SOUTH AFRICA: BUSHIRI’S LAWYERS WILL FIGHT FOR HIM TO KEEP HIS LUXURY JET

Times Live on 17th February reported that self-proclaimed prophet Shepherd Bushiri’s private jet is subject to an application of attachment by the Asset Forfeiture Unit.    The founder of the Enlightened Christian Gathering Church and his wife are currently facing fraud and money laundering charges.

https://www.timeslive.co.za/news/south-africa/2019-02-17-bushiris-lawyers-will-fight-for-him-to-keep-his-luxury-jet/

RUSSIA’S GAZPROMBANK “FREEZES ACCOUNTS OF VENEZUELA’S PDVSA”

KYC 360 on 18th February carried a report claiming that Gazprombank has decided to freeze the accounts of Venezuelan state oil company PDVSA and halted transactions with the firm to reduce the risk of the bank falling under US sanctions.

https://www.riskscreen.com/kyc360/news/russias-gazprombank-freezes-accounts-of-venezuelas-pdvsa-source/

FBI RAIDS PUERTO RICO BANK AMID VENEZUELA SANCTION PROBE

On 18th February, KYC 360 reported that FBI agents raided BSJI bank in Puerto Rico amid allegations over violations of US sanctions imposed on those who do business with Venezuela’s government.

https://www.riskscreen.com/kyc360/news/fbi-raids-puerto-rico-bank-amid-venezuela-sanction-probe/

ENGLISH COURT PROVIDES GUIDANCE FOR COMMENCING PROCEEDINGS ON FOREIGN DEFENDANTS

On 14th February, Lathams published an article saying that in Punjab National Bank (International) Limited v Ravi Srinivasan and others the English Court has set aside permission to bring proceedings against foreign defendants based on non-disclosures and subsequent conduct.  It provides guidance on the proper conduct of an application for service out of the jurisdiction and highlights the potential pitfalls an applicant may encounter.  It recalls need for full and frank disclosure, particularly of related foreign proceedings or when new material facts arise, and plead fraud with care and precision.

https://www.latham.london/2019/02/english-court-provides-guidance-for-commencing-proceedings-on-foreign-defendants/#page=1

UN SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION 1540 (2004) 

The UN Office for Disarmament Affairs has produced a factsheet on UN SCR 1540, which established a programme of action to prevent non-state actors, in particular terrorists, from proliferating nuclear, chemical and biological weapons.  It is, for example, one of the requirements taken into account by FATF and FATF-style regional bodies during assessments.  The Security Council decided that all States shall refrain from providing any form of support to non-state actors that attempt to develop, acquire, manufacture, possess, transport, transfer or use nuclear, chemical or biological weapons and their means of delivery, and requires all states to adopt and enforce appropriate effective laws to this effect.  The Resolution also requires all states to establish various types of domestic controls to prevent the proliferation of such weapons and their related materials.

https://s3.amazonaws.com/unoda-web/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/1540-Fact-Sheet-Jan2019.pdf

 CHINA SEIZES $1.5 BILLION IN ONLINE LENDING CRACKDOWN

On 18th February, Associated Press reported that China’s policy ministry says it investigated 380 online lenders and froze $1.5 billion in assets in a crackdown following an avalanche of scandals in the huge but lightly regulated industry.  Regulators have steadily tightened control over Chinese online lenders following a string of failures and fraud cases that prompted protests and complaints of official indifference to small investors.

https://apnews.com/bb7b5031c7f7480d8b9aa0a69d07944b

FATF ASIA PACIFIC GROUP “SATISFIED WITH PAKISTAN PERFORMANCE”

On 18th February, the News International in Pakistan reported that the Asia Pacific Group (APG) – the regional FATF-style body – has presented its report to the International Country Risk Guide (ICRG) expressing satisfaction over the measures taken by Pakistan to curb terror financing and money laundering, The News reports.

https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/433235-fatf-asia-pacific-group-satisfied-with-pak-performance

VANUATU OFFICIALS ACCUSED OF ABUSE OF POWER AMID CORRUPTION CLAIMS

Radio New Zealand on 18th February reported that an anti-corruption activist in Vanuatu alleges that the country’s Public Service Commissioner abused her power while investigating corruption allegations.  The Commissioner was one of 2 officials to push for criminal charges against people who alleged her recruitment process was unfair.

https://www.radionz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/382741/vanuatu-officials-accused-of-abuse-of-power-amid-corruption-claims

SHIPPING RADIOACTIVE WASTE AND SPENT FUEL AFTER A NO-DEAL BREXIT

On 18th February, the UK Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy published a news release which outlines what operators need to do to move radioactive waste and spent fuel to and from EU countries if the UK leaves without a deal.  It will still be a criminal offence to ship radioactive waste and spent fuel without valid authorisation and documentation, and if the UK leaves the EU without a deal, operators may need to get new authorisations to ship radioactive waste or spent fuel.

https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/shipping-radioactive-waste-and-spent-fuel-after-a-no-deal-brexit

CHINESE REPORTS OF ARREST OF 6 INDIVIDUALS BUYING AND SELLING LUXURY GOODS TO LAUNDER THE PROCEEDS OF NARCOTICS CRIME

Kenneth Rijock in his blog posted on 17th February that an English translation of a Chinese website reported that law enforcement authorities in Paris have arrested 6 Chinese nationals, all engaged in the local purchase and resale in China of high-end luxury goods, for the purpose of laundering the proceeds of narcotics crime.  The individuals allegedly were involved in more than the equivalent of more than $5 million in purchases.

http://rijock.blogspot.com/

GUERNSEY TO GROW MEDICINAL CANNABIS

The Jersey Evening Post on 18th February reported that a Guernsey company has been given the green light to grow medicinal cannabis and work with a UK-based team to cultivate the plant for use in the health-and-wellbeing market.

https://jerseyeveningpost.com/news/2019/02/18/guernsey-to-grow-medicinal-cannabis/

MALTA HAS SUSPENDED THE GAMING LICENCE OF WORLD-OF-BETS.EU

On 18th February, Intergame reported that the Malta Gaming Authority has suspended the gaming licence of World-of-bets.eu with effect from 15th February.

https://www.intergameonline.com/igaming/news/mga-clamps-down

UK TRADE FINANCE CHALLENGER BANK DIASPORA PREPARES

On 15th February, Banking Tech reported that London-based Diaspora is getting ready to spread its wings with the launch of its trade finance challenger bank.  The idea is apparently to build a trade finance ecosystem where sellers, buyers, and funders can transact international trade and commodity finance deals over the blockchain.  Diaspora plans to offer SME “bespoke” funding solutions, including invoice factoring.

https://www.bankingtech.com/2019/02/uk-trade-finance-challenger-bank-diaspora-preps-for-flight/

KALASHNIKOV UNVEILS SUICIDE DRONE

The Alert 5 website showed on 18th February a short video, saying that Russia’s Kalashnikov Group has unveiled its suicide drone dubbed KUB-BLA at the IDEX-2019 arms exhibition in the UAE.

http://alert5.com/2019/02/18/kalashnikov-unveils-suicide-drone/

UK: HIGH COURT TO HEAR MODERN SLAVERY CLAIMS ON BEHALF OF LITHUANIAN WORKERS

Ekklesia on 18th February carried an article about a 4-day trial in the High Court which will hear the claims of 11 Lithuanian workers who allege they were trafficked to the UK and put to work in gruelling conditions catching chickens at farms all over the UK.  The farms supplied chickens and eggs for brands such as ‘Happy Eggs’, available in supermarkets across Britain.  The claimants allege they were beaten by supervisors, housed in filthy and overcrowded conditions, deprived of rest, and that a Lithuanian ‘middle-man’ threatened them with eviction, violence and aggressive Rottweiler dogs.

http://www.ekklesia.co.uk/node/27749

UK: ESTATE AGENTS MUST STEP UP TO MARK ON MONEY LAUNDERING, SAYS SENIOR GOVERNMENT CRIME EXPERT

The Negotiator on 18th February reported that the number of estate agents filing SAR has increased by 30% over the past 12 months but still only represents a tiny minority of the total number submitted.  The Director for Economic Crime, Cyber Crime and Corruption Richard Riley revealed that estate agents filed 710 SAR last year, an improvement on previous efforts but representing just 0.15% of the national total.

https://thenegotiator.co.uk/estate-agents-must-step-up-to-mark-on-money-laundering-says-senior-government-crime-expert/

HONG KONG WATCHDOG ISSUES RECORD FINE TO CHINESE BROKER OVER FAILURE TO REPORT MONEY LAUNDERING

The South China Morning Post reported on 18th February that the SFC had fined mainland Chinese state-owned firm Guosen Securities (HK) Brokerage a record HK$15.2 million (US$1.9 million) for failure to report money laundering activity.  The fine surpasses the previous highest one of HK$6 million in 2014.

https://www.scmp.com/business/companies/article/2186679/hong-kong-watchdog-issues-record-hk152-million-fine-chinese

https://www.financemagnates.com/institutional-forex/regulation/sfc-fines-guosen-securities-hk15-2m-for-violating-aml-rules/

UK: DEDICATED CARD AND PAYMENT CRIME UNIT PREVENTS RECORD £94 MILLION OF LOSSES

On 18th February, UK Finance reported on the work of the DCPCU, a specialist anti-fraud police unit sponsored by the finance industry – bringing the unit’s total estimated savings from reduced fraud activity to £600 million since it was established in April 2002.  It also secured 48 convictions and disrupted 11 organised crime groups in 2018.

https://www.ukfinance.org.uk/press/press-releases/finance-industry-sponsored-police-unit-prevents-record-£94m-losses-2018

UK NOTICE TO EXPORTERS 2019/04 – SOFTWARE OPEN EXPORT LICENCES UPDATED

On 18th February, the Department of International Trade announced the publication of the new Notice about changes to 3 Open General Export Licences (OGEL) for military goods and software.  The changes made reflect a review of the software entries in Schedule 2 of the Export Control (Order) 2008 – ML21.b.4, which refers to software that is both specially designed for military use and specially designed for command, communications, control and intelligence (C3I) applications, or command, communications, control, computer and intelligence (C4I) applications.

https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/notice-to-exporters-201904-software-control-list-entry-added-to-3-military-ogels/notice-to-exporters-201904-software-control-list-entry-added-to-3-military-ogels

UK RENEWS 3 TERRORISM SANCTIONS DESIGNATIONS

On 18th February, HM Treasury published a Notice saying that the designation of 3 persons under the Terrorist Asset-Freezing etc. Act 2010 (TAFA) had been renewed – Hasan IZZ-AL-DIN, Abdelkarim AL-NASSER and Ibrahim AL-YACOUB.

https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/779689/TAFA_Renewal_Notice_-_Hizballah_x3_-_18-02-2019.pdf

INTERNATIONAL JOINT INVESTIGATION TEAMS (INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS) (EU EXIT) ORDER 2019

This UK SI (SI 2019/274) will ensure that, following its exit from the EU, the UK can continue lawfully to participate in JIT with EU Member States that have not incorporated into domestic law the Second Protocol to the Council of Europe Convention on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters 1959, but which have adopted certain relevant UN Conventions, and which this Order will designate into UK law.  Currently, the Convention on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters between the Member States of the European Union and the Council Framework Decision on joint investigation teams together provide the legal bases in EU law on which competent authorities of 2 or more Member States may set up a JIT.  Following the UK’s exit, the legal basis for JIT with EU Member States will be provided, in most cases, by the Second Protocol to the Council of Europe Convention on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters 1959 – with gaps in coverage provided by the designation of 3 UN Conventions by this SI – the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organised Crime 2000; the United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances 1988; and the United Nations Convention against Corruption 2003.

http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2019/274/contents/made

IRELAND: COMMUNITY SERVICE FOR DEVELOPER WHO OWES €1 MILLION TO REVENUE

On 18th February, the Irish Times reported that James Jordan, a property developer who owed more than €1 million in unpaid taxes and penalties has received 240 hours of community service.  He pleaded guilty to knowingly and wilfully submitting 16 incorrect VAT returns, 6 incorrect income tax returns, 4 incorrect invoices and 3 false claims of income tax relief.

https://www.irishtimes.com/news/crime-and-law/courts/circuit-court/community-service-for-developer-who-owes-1m-to-revenue-1.3797887

MONEY LAUNDERER CAUGHT AFTER CHRISTIE’S AUCTION HOUSE REPORTED FRAUD ATTEMPT

On 18th February, a news release from the NCA said that a prolific money launderer who processed more than £6 million has been convicted after a NCA investigation.  Kazeem Akinwale, 43, was caught after Christie’s auction house reported an attempted diversion fraud.  In March 2016, the auction house informed the NCA that hackers had spoofed an employee’s email address, trying to divert the payment for a customer invoice into a new bank account.

http://www.nationalcrimeagency.gov.uk/news/1569-prolific-money-launderer-caught-after-auction-house-fraud-attempt

MAN USED LAUNDERED MONEY TO PAY OFF £96,000 COURT ORDER FOR FRAUD

The Metro on 18th February reported that a criminal used laundered money to pay cash he owed to the government after being jailed for running a counterfeiting operation.  John Farrell, 61, used £75,000 in VAT repayments to pay back most of a £96,000 confiscation order.  The order had been imposed after a jail sentence for running a counterfeiting operation at a factory in East Kilbride producing fake banknotes.

https://metro.co.uk/2019/02/18/man-used-laundered-money-pay-off-96000-court-order-fraud-8663241/

IRELAND: FSAI DEVELOPS NEW DNA FOOD SCANNING TOOL TO CLAMP DOWN ON FOOD FRAUD

The Journal on 18th February reported that the Food Safety Authority of Ireland has developed a new scanning tool to identify the entire DNA content of food in a bid to clamp down on misleading labelling and food fraud.  The analytical tool, which can identify all the ingredients and biological sources in a food, will help the FSAI to protect consumers.

https://www.thejournal.ie/fsai-dna-food-scanning-tool-to-clamp-down-on-food-fraud-4499959-Feb2019/

ITALIAN INTERIOR MINISTER FACES KIDNAP CHARGES FOR CONFINING MIGRANTS ON SHIP FOR 5 DAYS

Reuters reported on 18th February that Italian interior minister and senator Matteo Salvini could lose his legal immunity if his own party decides he should face trial on kidnapping charges.  In August he ordered 150 migrants aboard an Italian coast guard ship held for 5 days.  His party says that never in the past has the judiciary asked parliament to authorise a trial for a minister who had acted in the performance of his duties.

https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2019/02/18/Italian-interior-minister-faces-kidnap-charges-for-refusing-migrant-ship/8961550502672/

FORMER INTERNATIONAL CRICKETER AND 2 OTHER MEN DENY CONSPIRING TO OFFER BRIBES TO CRICKET PLAYERS IN THE PAKISTAN SUPER LEAGUE

The BBC on 18th February reported that Nasir Jamshed, an ex-opening batsman for Pakistan, Yousef Anwar and Mohammed Ijaz were arrested after an inquiry into alleged spot-fixing by the NCA.  All 3 defendants entered not guilty pleas at Manchester Crown Court.

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-47283422

FORMER MALDIVES PRESIDENT JAILED UNTIL END OF MONEY LAUNDERING TRIAL

UPI reported on 18th February that Abdulla Yameen, former president of the Maldives has been taken into custody until his money laundering trial is completed.

https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2019/02/18/Former-Maldives-president-jailed-until-end-of-money-laundering-trial/4211550498689/

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ILLEGAL, UNREPORTED AND UNREGULATED (IUU) FISHING

On 18th February, the EU Parliament Research Service produced a briefing paper about the IUU Regulation (1005/2008), which is the core of EU’s legal framework for action against global IUU fishing.  Its primary objective is to prevent, deter and eliminate the trade of IUU-caught products into the EU.  One of its key components is a multiple-step procedure for dealing with non-EU countries considered unco-operative in the fight against IUU fishing

EPRS

http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/ATAG/2017/614599/EPRS_ATA(2017)614599_EN.pdf

rferl

https://www.rferl.org/a/29776883.html

EU AND UK ADDS 1 NAME TO ITS ISIL/AL-QAIDA SANCTIONS LIST

On 18th February, HM Treasury published a Notice announcing that Brahim EL KHAYARI had been added to its Consolidated List of sanctions targets.  This followed the publication of EU Regulation 2019/270, adding the name to the EU lists.

See also Council Decision 2019/271/CFSP.

https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/779695/Notice_ISIL_2019_270.pdf

MONEYVAL ISSUES FOLLOW-UP REPORT ON SERBIA

Also on 18th February, the Council of Europe published a follow-up on Serbia.  This has followed the mutual evaluation report of April 2016, and sees MONEYVAL re-rating the jurisdiction on 10 FATF Recommendations, 9 of which were originally rated “partially compliant” or “non-compliant”.  This 2nd follow-up report analyses Serbia’s progress in addressing the technical compliance deficiencies (i.e. not the “effectiveness” of measures) identified in the mutual evaluation report.  MONEYVAL has re-rated Serbia to “largely compliant” on Recommendations 1 (assessing risks and applying a risk-based approach), 7 (targeted financial sanctions related to proliferation), 10 (CDD), 13 (correspondent banking), 19 (higher-risk countries), 16 (wire transfers), 25 (transparency and beneficial ownership of legal arrangements), 26 (regulation and supervision of financial institutions) and 35 (sanctions); and to “compliant” with Recommendation 12 (PEP).

The new technical compliance ratings are as follows –

serbia

https://rm.coe.int/committee-of-experts-on-the-evaluation-of-anti-money-laundering-measur/168092dce7

MONEYVAL PUBLISHES FOLLOW-UP REPORT ON SLOVENIA

On 18th February, MONEYVAL published a follow-up report on Slovenia, following the 2017 mutual evaluation, and saying that it has re-rated the jurisdiction on 1 FATF Recommendation – Recommendation 16 (wire transfers) – originally rated “partially compliant”.  Slovenia has been in an enhanced follow-up process, following the adoption of its mutual evaluation report, which assessed the effectiveness of Slovenia’s AML/CFT measures and their compliance with the 40 FATF recommendations.  This follow-up report analyses Slovenia’s progress in addressing the technical compliance deficiencies (i.e. not the “effectiveness” ratings) identified in the mutual evaluation report.

The new Technical Compliance ratings are as follows –

slovenia

https://rm.coe.int/committee-of-experts-on-the-evaluation-of-anti-money-laundering-measur/168092dce1

SWITZERLAND: ANOTHER CHEMICALS TO SYRIA CASE

In his blog, Nils Duquet, a senior researcher at the Flemish Peace Institute on 17th February reported another case of chemicals export to Syria revealed by journalists, this time from Switzerland and in the Tribune de Geneve.  The company named, Brenntag, resulted from a merger with the Schweizerhall Chemie AG Swiss chemical giant, and is one of the leaders on the market of the export of chemicals.  The Swiss subsidiary is owned by the German company.  The chemical involved is isopropanol, an alcohol that is fundamental to manufacture sarin (though it does have other, legitimate uses), as well as diethylamine, which also has dual-use status.  The orders were apparently intended for Mediterranean Pharmaceutical Industries (MPI), which produces the pain relief gel Voltaren Emulgel under its contract with Novartis.  However, the Director of MPI, now dead, was on the sanctions lists.

https://www.tdg.ch/lematindimanche/firme-bloise-exporte-composants-chimiques-dangereux-syrie/story/23578933#overlay

HOW MILITARY EQUIPMENT CAN BE DIVERTED TO THE “WRONG” END-USER

The Small Arms Survey has produced useful (and large) infographic on how arms may be diverted – before during and after the transfer of the arms themselves – and how to counter it.  Some samples from the infographic are shown below.

http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/Regulations_and_Controls/Levels_of_action/International/Diversion%20infographics.pdf

Before delivery

before

During transfer

during

During delivery

during delivery

After delivery

after

WERE THE COURTS ACTING CORRECTLY IN HEARINGS ABOUT A VARIATION OF CONFISCATION ORDER?

On 17th February, Bartfields Forensic Accounts, in the latest of their excellent series of occasional articles on the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002, considered a recent Court of Appeal hearing.  It says that the nub of the case presented to the Court of Appeal concerned the Crown Court judge’s interventions in the cross-examination of a defence witness – it being suggested that the judge had gone too far and had effectively become a second prosecution counsel.  However, the author of the article says that he thinks that the more interesting features lie elsewhere.

Under section 22 of POCA 2002, the prosecution or a receiver can ask for a variation of a confiscation order already made.  The original confiscation order was for only £851, but then the prosecution claimed to have found evidence of interest in a property valued at £65,000.  However, it was claimed that a good part of this value was in fact owed to the convicted person’s (claimed) employer, who had loaned money to purchase the property.  The Crown Court had rejected this proposition.

The chief problem that the author appears to have with the case was the manner in which the Crown Court had handled the calculations of what was actually liable for confiscation and how – not the behaviour of the judge in the hearing.  The author says that the Court did not appear to follow properly the process laid down in POCA to assess liability.

http://www.accountingevidence.com/blog/2019/02/were-the-court-of-appeal-right-a-s22-poca-variation-case/

IRELAND: AIRPORT CUSTOMS SEIZE €1 MILLION A YEAR SUSPECTED TO BE PROCEEDS OF CRIME

The Irish Times on 18th February reported that an average of €1 million in cash that is suspected to be the proceeds of crime has been seized in each of the last 10 years by customs officials at Dublin Airport, the Minister for Finance has said.  More than half the €9.5 million in cash confiscated in the past decade subject to appeal.  More than €1 million of the €9.58 million total confiscated since 2009 has been returned after those involved lodged appeals and some €5.7 million is the subject of ongoing appeals.

https://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/airport-customs-seize-1m-a-year-suspected-to-be-proceeds-of-crime-1.3797037

THE TRADE IN SMALL ARMS AND LIGHT WEAPONS ON THE DARK WEB: A STUDY

The UN Office for Disarmament Affairs published in October this Occasional Paper summarises the main findings and implications of the first empirical study investigating the scale and scope of arms trafficking on the Dark Web.  The findings of this study shed light on the scale and scope of arms trafficking on the dark web, illustrating the range of weapons traded, their market price and most common transit routes.  In addition, this Occasional Paper discusses the implications of this growing phenomenon for law enforcement agencies and policy makers, highlighting the key role that firearms control measures continue to play in the presence of new forms of trafficking.

https://www.un.org/disarmament/publications/occasionalpapers/unoda-occasional-papers-no-32-october-2018

HYPERSONIC WEAPONS: A CHALLENGE AND OPPORTUNITY FOR STRATEGIC ARMS CONTROL

The UN Office for Disarmament Affairs published a study which says that pursuit by several nuclear-armed States of novel long-range strike options (hypersonic glide vehicles or HGV – another new acronym…) has received little attention in multilateral disarmament discussions despite their potentially negative implications for security, arms control and disarmament.  This study aims to raise awareness of these implications and to consider possible ways to address them in a multilateral context.  It includes overviews of: the current state of technology; possible implications for international peace and security; possible implications for existing and future arms control and disarmament efforts; and different approaches states may pursue to address these challenges.  Research into boost-glide technology dates back to the 1930s, it says, but accelerated in the early 2000s.  Today, 3 nuclear-armed States – China, Russia and the US – have active HGV acquisition programmes and have each undertaken several flight tests.  These systems are expected to reach operational readiness within a decade in general, and as early as later in 2019 in one case.  It says that while all systems discussed in this study would likely be covered by the Missile Technology Control regime (MTCR) by virtue of their range, it is conceivable that some could fall within its less-restrictive Category II; but boost-glide systems have not been discussed to date at annual MTCR meetings.  The Wassenaar Arrangement for export controls of dual-use goods could/should also apply, and it says, for example, that HGV could also fall under the “high velocity kinetic energy weapon systems” category in the arrangement’s munitions list (ML12), although that category seems designed primarily with rail gun technology in mind.  It also reminds one that UN SCR 1540 requires all states to adopt and enforce laws prohibiting non-state actors (e.g. terrorists) from the manufacture, acquisition, possession, development, transport, transfer or use WMD or their means of delivery.  The study suggests various means to exercise arms controls restrictions targeting HGV.

https://s3.amazonaws.com/unoda-web/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/hypersonic-weapons-study.pdf