The James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies at the Middlebury Institute has released CNS Occasional Paper 43 highlighting how increasing collaboration between North Korean and foreign scientists is helping North Korea advance its technology, including in ways that may contravene the intent of the international sanctions regime. To assess the extent of this activity, CNS developed a new dataset capturing publications co-authored by North Korean and foreign scientists between 1958 and April 2018. It identifies at least 100 published articles with identifiable significance for dual-use technology, WMD, or other military purposes. It concludes that UN member states must decide what research activities by their nationals or within their territory lie within the scope of sanctions, and which activities are better avoided in order to uphold the integrity of the sanctions regime.
